DC

DC

The District of Columbia maintains CONs within five broad categories—hospital beds, beds outside hospitals, equipment, facilities and services. The District maintains 71 specific CON requirements, more than half of which apply to services. D.C. and New Jersey are the only jurisdictions to require CONs for emergency medical services. D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4100.2(n). During the COVID-19 pandemic, the Department of Health (DOH) says it granted temporary CON applications. DOH, however, never publicly announced that healthcare providers or facilities could apply for temporary CONs to respond to the pandemic.

COVID-19 Response

On March 11, 2020, Mayor Bowser declared a public emergency and a public health emergency. See Mayor’s Orders 2020-045, -046 (Mar. 11, 2020). DOH claims that after Mayor Bowser issued these orders it began granting temporary CONs to allow healthcare facilities to increase capacity during the pandemic. See Letter from LaQuandra S. Nesbitt, Director, D.C. Dep’t of Health, to Darpana Sheth, Senior Attorney & Brooke Fallon, Associate Director, Institute for Justice (May 1, 2020). DOH never made its temporary policy public and it is unclear how many CONs DOH granted or how long those CONs stayed in effect.

Application Process

In the District of Columbia, the CON application process typically takes about six months. D.C. Health, How to Obtain a Certificate of Need. Applications that are completed by the 10th day of any month are reviewed on or after the 20th day of the same month, and the application type determines in which month the application must be submitted. See D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, §4300. The fee for a CON application is 3% of the proposed capital expenditure or $5,000, whichever is greater, with a maximum fee of $300,000. D.C. Code § 44-420(a); see also D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4013.3. Public hearings are not required, but competitors may intervene during the application process by requesting a hearing, at which competitors can offer evidence or argument as to why an application should be denied. D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4302.

CON? Number of CONs Moratoria Temporary COVID-19 response:
Hospital Beds Yes 7 Expedited at least some CON reviews
Beds Outside Hospitals Yes 10 Expedited at least some CON reviews
Equipment Yes 3 No action
Facilities/ Buildings Yes 9 Expedited at least some CON reviews
Services Yes 42 No action
Emergency Medical Transport No

Note: these citations are accurate as of May 2020.

District of Columbia CONs in Detail

Category Types of CONs Citation
Hospital Beds

Hospitals must obtain a CON to add 10 beds or to increase beds by 10% or more (whichever is smaller) within a two-year period.

D.C. Code § 44-401(15)(A)(iv)

1.Private general hospital beds.

2.Other specialty hospital beds.

D.C. Code §§ 44-401(15)(A)(iv), 44-401(10) (defining “health care facility”)
3.Medical-surgical beds. D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4104.2(a), (k)
4.Coronary care beds. D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4104.2(b)
5.Obstetrics-gynecology beds. D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4104.2(c), (d)
6.Nursery and neonatal intermediate care beds. D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4104.2(e)
7.Neonatal intensive care beds. D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4104.2(f)
Beds Outside Hospitals

These facilities must obtain a CON to add 10 beds or to increase beds by 10% or more (whichever is smaller) within a two-year period.

D.C. Code § 44-401(15)(A)(iv)

1.Rehabilitation facility beds. D.C. Code §§ 44-401(15)(A)(iv), 44-401(10); D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4104.2(i)
2.Skilled nursing facility beds. D.C. Code §§ 44-401(15)(A)(iv), 44-401(10); D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, §§ 4104.2(l), 4104.2(n)
3.Intermediate care facility beds. D.C. Code §§ 44-401(15)(A)(iv), 44-401(10); D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4104.2(m), (n)
4.Ambulatory care center or clinic beds. D.C. Code §§ 44-401(15)(A)(iv), 44-401(10); D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4104.2(a), (k)
5.Ambulatory surgical facility beds.

D.C. Code §§ 44-401(15)(A)(iv), 44-401(10)

6.Kidney disease treatment center beds. D.C. Code §§ 44-401(15)(A)(iv),

44-401(10)

7.Obstetrics-gynecology beds. D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4104.2(c), (d)
8.Alcoholism and chemical dependency beds. D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4104.2(h)
9.Rehabilitation beds. D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4104.2(i)
10.Extended acute long-term care beds. D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4104.2(j)
Category Types of CONs Citation
Equipment 1.For hospitals, equipment used for the provision of medical or other health services and has a fair market value in excess of $3.5 million. D.C. Code § 44-401(14)(A)(i)
2.For non-hospitals, equipment used for the provision of medical or other health services and has a fair market value in excess of $2 million. D.C. Code § 44-401(14)(A)(ii)
3.A single piece of diagnostic or therapeutic equipment and has a fair market value in excess of $350,000. D.C. Code § 44-401(14)(A)(iii)
Facilities/Buildings 1.Rehabilitation facility.

2.Skilled nursing facility.

3.Intermediate care facility.

4.Ambulatory care center or clinic.

5.Ambulatory surgical facility.

6.Kidney disease treatment center.

7.Freestanding hemodialysis facility.

8.Diagnostic health care facility.

9.Hospice, or other comparable health care facility which has an annual operating budget of at least $500,000.

D.C. Code § 44-401(10)
Services 1.Diagnostic medical or clinical related service.

2.Curative medical or clinical related service.

3.Rehabilitative medical or clinical related service.

4.Inpatient mental health services.

D.C. Code § 44-401(12)
5.Home health care services. D.C. Code § 44-401(12);

D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B § 4100.2(q)

6.Hospice care services. D.C. Code § 44-401(12);

D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4100.2(r)

7.Medically supervised day care services. D.C. Code § 44-401(12)
8.Renal dialysis services. D.C. Code § 44-401(12); D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4100.2(gg)
9.Acute medical services. D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4100.2(a)
Category Types of CONs Citation
Services 10.Cardiac catherization services. D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4100.2(b)
11.Cardiac surgery services. D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4100.2(c)
12.Coronary care services. D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4100.2(d)
13.Computed tomography services. D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4100.2(e)
14.Neonatal intensive care services. D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4100.2(f)
15.Newborn services. D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4100.2(g)
16.Obstetric services. D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4100.2(h)
17.Pediatric services. D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4100.2(i)
18.Pediatric cardiac surgery services. D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4100.2(j)
19.Physical medicine and rehab services. D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4100.2(k)
20.Psychiatric care services, short-term. D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4100.2(l)
21.Psychiatric care services, long-term. D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4100.2(m)
22.Emergency medical services. D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4100.2(n)
23.Physical therapy services. D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4100.2(o)
24.Occupational therapy services. D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4100.2(p)
25.Diagnostic radiology and ultrasound services. D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4100.2(s)
26.Radiation therapy services. D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4100.2(t)
27.Burn services. D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4100.2(u)
28.Ambulatory surgery services. D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4100.2(v)
29.Primary care centers’ services. D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4100.2(w)
30.Alcoholism-chemical dependency services. D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4100.2(x)
31.Acute long-term services. D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4100.2(y)
32.Skilled nursing services. D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4100.2(z)
33.Acute dialysis services. D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4100.2(aa)
34.Outpatient staff-assisted in-facility chronic maintenance hemodialysis services. D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4100.2(bb)
35.Outpatient self-care in-facility chronic maintenance hemodialysis services, including training. D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4100.2(cc)
36.Outpatient self-care in-facility intermittent peritoneal dialysis services, including training. D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4100.2(dd)
37.Training for home intermittent peritoneal dialysis. D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4100.2(ee)
Category Types of CONs Citation
Services 38.Training and follow-up services for continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4100.2(ff)
39.Renal transplantation services. D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4100.2(hh)
40.New technology. D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4100.2(ii)
41.Transplant services. D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4100.2(jj)
42.Open heart surgery. D.C. Mun. Regs. tit. 22-B, § 4100.2(kk)
Emergency Medical Transport No CONs in this category.  

District of Columbia CON Exceptions

No CON Required For:

D.C. Code

1.Upgrading, maintaining or improving of facility deficiencies that may be in violation of federal and D.C. fire, building or safety codes.

§ 44-407(b)(1)

2.The correction of deficiencies identified by private national accrediting associations and D.C. government licensing agencies.

§ 44-407(b)(2)

3.Nonpatient care projects requiring the obligation of a capital expenditure of less than $8 million.

§ 44-407(b)(3)

4.The acquisition of the same or similar medical equipment to replace, upgrade or expand the capacity of the equipment for which a certificate of need has been granted, if the replaced equipment is removed from service.

§ 44-407(b)(4)

5.The acquisition of major medical equipment to be used solely for research, new institutional health services to be offered solely for research, or the obligation of a capital expenditure to be made solely for research.

§ 44-407(b)(5)

6.Developing a new institutional health service to accommodate a resident to be transferred from D.C. Village.

§ 44-407(b)(7)

7.The voluntary permanent reduction in the number in licensed bed capacity where a request for exemption is made 60 days before the reduction and the SHPDA finds that the reduction in bed capacity would not be inconsistent with the HSP.

§ 44-407(b)(8)

8.For a period of one year commencing on December 18, 2001, any increase in the licensed psychiatric bed capacity by a private general hospital, psychiatric hospital, other specialty hospital or rehabilitation facility holding a certificate of need to operate psychiatric beds.

§ 44-407(b)(9)

9.The acquisition of major medical equipment or establishment of new institutional health services determined by DOH to be necessary for a declared public health purpose or deemed necessary by DOH to provide health care services under contract to or grant from a District of Columbia or federal agency.

§ 44-407(b)(10)

10.District of Columbia public, chartered and private schools for any health care service offered or developed for students with special needs in compliance with any federal or D.C. legal requirements.

§ 44-407(b)(11)

11.The acquisition before October 1, 2003 of any single piece of diagnostic or therapeutic equipment which was acquired by lease, purchase, donation or other comparable arrangement by or on behalf of a physician, a group of physicians, a private group practice of diagnostic radiology or radiation therapy or a diagnostic health care facility, or the replacement of such equipment.

§ 44-407(b)(12)

12.Any increase in the licensed psychiatric bed capacity by a private general hospital, psychiatric hospital or other specialty or rehabilitation hospital.

§ 44-407(b)(13)

13.The acquisition of equipment for, and the construction of, a full-service, community hospital by the District on the St. Elizabeth’s Hospital Campus with 200 licensed beds.

§ 44-407(b)(18)

14. The acquisition of equipment for, and the construction of, a skilled nursing facility in Ward 7 or 8 with up to 125 licensed beds that shall be constructed to accommodate the safe transition of patients who require skilled nursing from United Medical Center.

§ 44-407(b)(19)

15.The operation of a nonprofit specializing in vision screening and providing free diagnostic services and eyewear to school children and youth in the District of Columbia.

§ 44-407(b)(20)