The Institute for Justice is dedicated to protecting the right of every American to own and use his or her property freely. Respecting the right of private property is essential to a just and prosperous society. But government at all levels—local, state and federal—routinely infringe on these rights.

  • IJ has filed over 50 cases to defend private property rights, including the infamous U.S. Supreme Court decision of Kelo v. New London.
  • Thanks to our litigation and activism efforts, we have saved more than 16,000 properties from the abuse of eminent domain.
  • We published Policing for Profit, a 50-state study of civil forfeiture laws, releasing the second edition in late 2015. Through our cutting-edge litigation, communications and strategic research, we have transformed civil forfeiture into a national issue.
  • Since January 2016, we have filed 23 new property rights lawsuits, including a class action against New York City’s “no-fault” evictions and challenges to civil forfeiture in California, Oklahoma, Arizona, Indiana, New Mexico and Connecticut. In addition, we launched new cases against government land grabs in Connecticut and Georgia, challenged Dallas’ oppressive use of “amortization” against a popular auto mechanic, filed a lawsuit against rental inspections in Minnesota and sued a major Ohio city to allow a charity continue to shelter homeless people.

Today, two of the greatest threats to private property rights are the abuse of eminent domain and civil forfeiture laws. Eminent domain is the power of the government to take private property for a “public use,” like bridges or roads. But in the 1990s and early 2000s, local governments increasingly used eminent domain for private development. In Kelo v. New London, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the government could condemn homes and businesses, not for a genuine public use but to hand them over to private developers. We are committed to defending property owners who face eminent domain for private gain.

Civil forfeiture allows law enforcement to seize and keep private property, even if the owner has never been charged with a crime. We are leading the charge to restore due process and respect for property rights. No one should lose his or her property without being convicted of a crime.

Private Property Cases

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Latest Private Property Events

Aerial map graphic with text: Making Room: Re-Legalizing America's Most Affordable Housing Option

Private Property

Zoning Justice Project

Making Room: Re-Legalizing America’s Most Affordable Housing Option

  • December 8, 2025

Join the Institute for Justice for a webinar exploring how relegalizing co-living or single-room occupancies (SROs) can expand affordable housing, strengthen property rights, and reduce homelessness – without new spending or bureaucracy. Featuring policy…

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Private Property Legislation

Restoring Options in Occupancy Models (ROOM) Act

Economic Liberty | Private Property | Zoning Justice Project

Restoring Options in Occupancy Models (ROOM) Act

Co-living or single-room occupancy (SRO) housing was once a common and lawful part of America’s housing landscape, from spare bedrooms and small boarding houses to large residential hotels in the city. Together, these rooms…

Criminal Forfeiture Process Act

Civil Forfeiture | Private Property

Criminal Forfeiture Process Act

Civil forfeiture allows the government to seize cars, cash, and other property with few safeguards for property owners.  To lose your property in most states, prosecutors do not have to charge you, let…

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Private Property Research

Broken fence boards scattered in a yard, illustrating property damage caused by law enforcement

SWAT Destruction

Public Benefit Private Burden

This study finds governments frequently refuse to compensate people when law enforcement damages their property for the common good—even though they could easily afford to make worthy owners whole.

Policing for Profit 4

Civil Forfeiture | Private Property

Policing for Profit 4

This fourth edition of IJ’s Policing for Profit report finds civil forfeiture is a massive unjustified threat to property and due process rights.

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Private Property Podcasts

March 26, 2026

City Tried to CONDEMN Property Over 2 Stray Cats

What happens when the government tries to take well-kept homes and businesses by slapping them with a “blight” label that doesn’t fit? Perth Amboy, New […]

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December 18, 2025

Recent VICTORIES Against Civil Forfeiture

Brian Moore and Cristal Starling both lost their money to civil forfeiture, despite neither being charged with a crime. Both of them challenged those forfeitures […]

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